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吸烟可使某些药物在人体内的代谢和清除明显加快乃至疗效降低,已知的有右丙氧芬(dextro-propoxyphene)、吗啡、茶碱、咖啡因、普萘洛尔、美西律、非那西丁和醋氨酚等。吸烟使药物清除率增快的程度大小与遗传因素有关。受吸烟影响最大的是20-40岁的青壮年人。老年人、肝病或心力衰竭患者的药物清除率只受年龄或疾病的影响,吸烟一般不再加快药物清除。动物和临床实验证实:吸烟可诱导肝微粒体P-488混合功能氧化酶而加快药物氧化代谢,也能加快药物在肝内的结合代谢和清除。
Smoking can be some of the drugs in the body’s metabolism and clearance was significantly accelerated and even curative effect, known to dextro-propoxyphene (dextro-propoxyphene), morphine, theophylline, caffeine, propranolol, mexiletine, Phenacetin and acetaminophen and so on. Smoking makes the rate of drug clearance increased with the degree of genetic factors. Young adults aged 20-40 are most affected by smoking. Elderly people, patients with liver disease or heart failure drug clearance rate only affected by age or disease, smoking is generally no longer speed up drug clearance. Animal and clinical trials confirmed that: smoking can induce liver microsomal P-488 mixed function oxidase and accelerate drug metabolism, but also can speed up drug binding and metabolism in the liver and clearance.