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通过研究中药降香５个不同品种横切面、弦向切面及径向切面的组织结构，取得了鉴别特征及鉴别检索图表。（１）降香黄檀：有层叠性结构，射线宽１～２细胞、高３～５细胞，径向长方形，横切面导管单个或３个～５个成群，木纤维弦向延长，木薄壁细胞散生或成带状、环管或否；有的含草酸钙菱晶。（２）印度黄檀：横切面导管粗大，木纤维成微波带状，木薄壁细胞环管弦向延伸，其余与（１）相似。（３）海南黄檀：横切面木纤维带与木薄壁细胞带互相间隔，射线１～３细胞宽、５～１２细胞高，方形及长方形，余似（１）。（４）印度紫檀：射线１细胞宽，５～１１细胞高，余似（１）。（５）山油柑：无层叠性结构，射线１～３细胞宽，５～２７细胞高，方形或长方形，内含硅晶，导管筒状，横切面木纤维散生，木薄壁细胞散生，方或长方形，无草酸钙菱晶
By studying the structure of cross-sections, chord-sections and radial sections of five different Chinese medicinal herbs, the discriminative features and the identification and retrieval charts were obtained. (1) Dalbergia sinensis: There is a laminar structure, ray width 1 to 2 cells, high 3 to 5 cells, radial rectangular, single or 3 to 5 groups of cross-sectional catheters, wood fiber chord extension, wood Thin-walled cells scattered or banded, loop or not; some containing calcium oxalate crystal. (2) Indian Dalbergia: The cross-section duct is thick, the wood fiber is in the form of a microstrip, and the wood parenchyma cell ring is chord-wise extended. The rest is similar to (1). (3) Hainan Dalbergia: The cross-section wood fiber band and the wood parenchyma cell band are separated from each other, and the radiation is 1 to 3 cells wide, 5 to 12 cells high, square and rectangular, and more like (1). (4) India rosewood: ray 1 cell width, 5 to 11 cells high, more like (1). (5) Shanyougan: non-laminated structure, ray 1 to 3 cells wide, 5 to 27 cells high, square or rectangular, containing silicon crystal, catheter tube, cross-section wood fibers scattered, wood parenchyma cells scattered Raw, square or rectangular, no calcium oxalate