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目的:探讨集束化护理在预防重型颅脑损伤气管切开患者肺部感染中的效果。方法:选取2015年1月—2016年1月因重症颅脑损伤气管切开患者104例,随机分成观察组和对照组,其中观察组54例,应用集束化护理方案,对照组50例采用常规护理方案进行气道管理。统计两组患者平均住院日、气管切开带管时间、肺部感染发生率、细菌培养阳性率进行比较。结果:观察组较对照组患者平均住院日明显缩短(t=7.573 8,P<0.01),气管切开带管时间明显减少(t=6.642 6,P<0.01);观察组和对照组肺部感染率明显降低(P<0.01);观察组和对照组肺部感染患者痰细菌培养阳性率明显下降(P<0.01)。结论:集束化护理能有效预防重型颅脑损伤患者气管切开肺部感染率,并明显减少气管切开患者带管时间。
Objective: To explore the effect of cluster nursing in the prevention of pulmonary infection in patients with traumatic traumatic brain injury. Methods: From January 2015 to January 2016, 104 patients with traumatic brain injury due to severe head injury were randomly divided into observation group and control group, of which 54 patients in observation group received intensive care and 50 patients in control group received conventional Nursing programs for airway management. The average length of stay, tracheotomy tube time, the incidence of pulmonary infection and the positive rate of bacterial culture were compared between the two groups. Results: The average length of stay in the observation group was significantly shorter than that in the control group (t = 7.573 8, P <0.01), and the tracheotomy tube time was significantly reduced (t = 6.642 6, P <0.01) (P <0.01). The positive rates of sputum bacterial culture in the patients with lung infection in the observation group and the control group were significantly decreased (P <0.01). Conclusion: Cluster nursing can effectively prevent tracheotomy pulmonary infection in patients with severe traumatic brain injury, and significantly reduce the time of tracheotomy patients.