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生长分化因子9(GDF9)和骨形态发生蛋白15(BMP15)是转化生长因子β家族的两个成员,主要由卵母细胞产生,通过旁分泌作用调节周围颗粒细胞的多种功能。研究发现,其参与卵泡发育的整个过程,对卵泡的形成和生长发育、排卵以及黄体功能都具有重要调节作用,其功能异常可能导致卵泡发育障碍。多囊卵巢综合征(PCOS)是典型的卵泡发育障碍性疾病,研究认为,其与卵巢局部生长因子作用异常有关。分析GDF9和BMP15的分子特性、表达特点、在卵泡发育过程中的作用及与PCOS的关系,对研究女性生殖生理及PCOS卵泡发育的分子机制有重要价值。
GDF9 and BMP15, two members of the transforming growth factor β family, are mainly produced by oocytes and regulate various functions of the surrounding granulosa cells through paracrine effects. The study found that its participation in the entire process of follicular development on the formation and growth of follicles, ovulation and luteal function have an important regulatory role, and its dysfunction may lead to follicular dysplasia. Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a typical follicular developmental disorder, the study concluded that the role of ovarian and abnormal growth factors. Analysis of the molecular characteristics, expression characteristics of GDF9 and BMP15, their roles in follicular development and the relationship with PCOS are of great value in studying the reproductive physiology of women and the molecular mechanism of follicular development in PCOS.