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目的探索高等院校结核病防治措施。方法2003—2007年在泰安市10所高等院校实施结核病健康教育、设立学生报告管理员、新生结核病检查、预防治疗、病人全程督导管理、密切接触者检查等防治措施。结果1年后比入校时大学生5项结核病防治核心知识知晓率均显著提高(P<0.001),因症主动就诊发现病人18例,占10.7%,新生结核病检查发现病人101例,占60.1%,学生报告管理员发现病人43例,占25.6%,密切接触者检查发现病人6例,占3.6%,患者管理率100%,涂阳患者治愈率100%,预防治疗对象发病明显低于未预防治疗对象(χ2=43.634;P<0.001)。结论在高等院校内实施结核病健康教育、设立学生报告管理员、新生入学检查、预防治疗、密切接触者检查等防治措施,对于早期发现结核病人、减少校内传播发挥了重要作用。
Objective To explore the prevention and treatment of tuberculosis in higher education institutions. Methods From 2003 to 2007, TB health education was carried out in 10 colleges and universities in Tai’an. A student report administrator, newborn tuberculosis examination, prevention and treatment, patient supervision and management, close contact examination and other prevention and control measures were set up. Results One year after admission, the awareness rate of five core knowledge of tuberculosis prevention and control among the undergraduates was significantly higher (P <0.001). 18 cases (10.7%) were found due to active treatment and 101 cases (60.1%) were found by newborn tuberculosis examination. Student Report Manager found that 43 cases of patients, accounting for 25.6%, close contact examination found that 6 patients (3.6%), the patient management rate of 100%, smear positive cure rate of 100%, prevention and treatment of patients was significantly lower than the incidence of untreated treatment Subject (χ2 = 43.634; P <0.001). Conclusions The implementation of tuberculosis health education in colleges and universities, the establishment of student report administrators, freshmen admission examination, prevention and treatment, close contact examination and other prevention and treatment measures have played an important role in early detection of TB patients and reduction of intra-school transmission.