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中国古生代油气资源丰富,地质条件复杂,也是中国典型的复式油气成藏聚集层系。基于对中国西部海相含油气盆地的油气勘探情况,对源岩、储层类型、盖层类型及运移通道等主要油气成藏要素综合分析,论述了多套烃源岩多期油气充注历史,认为:油气藏类型复杂,具有多套储盖组合,上、下层系间储盖组合差异大;圈闭类型复杂,主要包括背斜圈闭、断块圈闭、礁滩体圈闭、砂砾岩岩性圈闭和火山岩刺穿圈闭等;油气运移通道类型多样,主要包括断裂、不整合面、缝洞体和砂岩层段等,其中断裂主要作为纵向上的运移通道,不整合面、缝洞体及砂岩层段在横向上的运移作用明显。研究认为,多期构造运动和沉积演化叠加是复式油气藏形成的基础,多套烃源岩的多期生烃作用是复杂油气藏形成的主要因素,输导断裂和储层发育等地质条件的差异性是油气藏类型多样及分布复杂的重要因素。该成果对推动中国海相盆地油气勘探和复式油气成藏理论的发展具有重要意义。
Paleozoic oil and gas resources in China are rich in geological conditions, is also a typical Chinese compound oil and gas accumulation and accumulation of strata. Based on the oil and gas exploration conditions in the marine petroliferous basins in western China, the paper analyzes the main hydrocarbon accumulation elements such as source rocks, reservoir types, cover types and migration channels. History, that: the type of reservoir is complex, with multiple sets of storage and cover combination, the upper and lower strata between the cover combination of large differences; trap types are complex, including anticline trap, fault block traps, Conglomerate volcanic lithologic traps and trap piercing the like; various types of hydrocarbon migration pathways, including fracture, unconformities, and sandstone cave slit segments, of which the major break in the longitudinal direction as the transport channel, not Integrative surface, seam and sandstone layers in the horizontal migration of obvious. Studies suggest that multiple structural movement and sedimentary evolution superimposing the basis duplex hydrocarbon reservoirs, multiphase hydrocarbon generation sets of source rock is a major factor in complex reservoir formation, differences geological conditions transporting fracture and reservoir development, etc. Sexuality is an important factor in the diversity and complexity of reservoir types. This achievement is of great significance to the development of oil and gas exploration and the theory of multi-stage hydrocarbon accumulation in the marine basin of China.