自然灾害可以定义为超过人类社会调节能力的生态破坏。主要有地震、洪水、台风、潮汐、山崩和火山爆发等。自然灾害的特点是突发、难以预见、严重、迅速威胁人群健康,引起大量人员伤亡。近10年来,由于已有能力处理各种灾害,预防其发生,减少损害。以及对大自然灾害的国际援助增加,并引起了社会舆论的广泛重视。因而越来越重视自然灾害的问题。下面按灾害前、灾害中和灾害后3个不同阶段的公共卫生问题作一简要概述。 Natural disasters can be defined as ecological damage that exceeds the capacity of human society to regulate. There are mainly earthquakes, floods, typhoons, tides, landslides and volcanic eruptions. Natural disasters are characterized by sudden, unpredictable, serious and rapid threats to the health of the population, causing a large number of casualties. In the past 10 years, due to their ability to deal with various disasters, prevent their occurrence and reduce their damage. As well as increased international aid to natural disasters, have aroused widespread public opinion. Therefore, more and more attention is paid to the issue of natural disasters. The following is a brief overview of public health issues before, during and after the disaster.