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目的查明中毒事故发生原因,为避免此类事故再次发生,提出合理有效的建议。方法通过收集中毒病人的临床资料、职业史调查、现场职业卫生学调查及工作场所空气中砷化氢浓度检测资料等进行综合分析。结果某私营冶炼厂熟化车间的1名男性熟化工人,因在砷化氢浓度超标且无采取有效职业病防护措施的工作环境中工作7.5 h,出现身体不适,巩膜、皮肤黄染和排酱油色尿等血管内溶血表现,并累及肝、肾、心脏等功能损害,经三个月治疗后好转出院。结论这是一起严重的急性砷化氢中毒事故,应加强对《职业病防治法》的宣传,完善企业的职业卫生管理和职业病危害因素防护,并加大政府部门的监管、执行力度,对违法导致发生职业中毒的企业,应依法追究责任,保护劳动者健康。
Objective To identify the causes of poisoning accidents and to make reasonable and effective suggestions to prevent recurrence of such accidents. Methods The clinical data of occupational poisoning, occupational history investigation, field occupational hygiene investigation and data of arsine concentration in the air of the workplace were collected for comprehensive analysis. As a result, a male curing worker at a privately-owned smelting plant aged over 7.5 hours worked in a working environment where the arsine concentration was excessive and no effective occupational protection measures were available. The patient was suffering from body discomfort, sclera, yellowish skin and soy sauce color Urine and other intravascular hemolysis performance, and involving the liver, kidney, heart and other functional damage, after three months of treatment improved discharged. Conclusion This is a serious acute arsine poisoning accident. We should step up publicity on the Law on Prevention and Control of Occupational Diseases, improve the occupational health management and prevention of occupational hazards in enterprises, and increase the supervision and enforcement by government departments, Occupational poisoning enterprises should be held accountable according to law to protect the health of workers.