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在人工气候室水培条件下,以玉米(ZeamaysL.)杂交种F1代户单4号及其母本天四和父本478为材料,用细胞压力探针技术研究了正常供水和PEG-6000模拟–0.2MPa水分胁迫条件下,玉米根皮层细胞水分关系参数的基因型差异。结果表明,根皮层细胞的直径、长度和体积均为F1代>母本>父本;正常供水条件下3个玉米品种的根皮层细胞膨压均在0.6MPa左右且品种间差异不显著,水分胁迫抑制了细胞的延伸生长且F1代和母本的细胞膨压显著高于父本;根皮层细胞壁体积弹性模量均为父本>母本>F1代,水分胁迫条件下的品种间差异显著;与正常供水条件相比,水分胁迫条件下细胞膨压显著降低,而弹性模量则大幅度提高;在两种水分条件下,水分跨细胞膜运转的半时间均为父本>母本>F1代,且半时间在水分胁迫条件下均显著高于正常供水条件下;HgCl2处理引起了半时间的延长,2-巯基乙醇则部分逆转了HgCl2的效应;在两种水分条件下,根皮层细胞水导均为F1代>母本>父本且品种间差异显著,水分胁迫则显著降低了细胞水导。试验证明杂交种F1代的细胞水平根系吸水能力优于亲本,体现了杂种优势。
Under the conditions of hydroponics in the artificial climate chamber, we used the cell pressure probe technique to study the effects of normal water supply and PEG-6000 (Zea mays L. hybrid F1 F1 generation household number 4 and its parents Tianzusi and Paternal 478) The genotypic differences of water content parameters in maize root cortex under -0.2MPa water stress were simulated. The results showed that the diameter, length and volume of cortical cells were F1 generation> female parent> male parent. The turgor pressure of three maize cultivars under normal water supply was about 0.6 MPa and the difference was not significant Under stress, the extension of cell growth was inhibited and the cell turgor in F1 and the female parent was significantly higher than that in male parent. The bulk elastic modulus of cell wall in root cortex was the parent> female parent> F1, and the difference was significant among the varieties under water stress Compared with the normal water supply conditions, the cell turgor decreased significantly under water stress, while the elastic modulus increased significantly. Under the two water conditions, the half-time of water transport across the cell membrane was paternal> maternal> F1 And half time under water stress conditions were significantly higher than the normal water supply conditions; HgCl2 treatment caused a half-time extension, 2-mercaptoethanol partially reversed the effect of HgCl2; under both water conditions, cortical cells Water conductivity were F1 generation> female parent> male parent with significant difference among varieties, and water stress significantly reduced cell water conductance. Experiments show that F1 hybrids have better water absorption capacity at the cellular level than their parents, demonstrating heterosis.