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研究汊道演变时,常遇到汊道流量分配比率的问题。汊道流量分配比率是判定汊道发展或衰亡的重要因素。实践中因受各种条件的限制,往往缺少系统的汊道流量观测资料,需借助于经验公式进行计算。除一般感到繁杂外,更重要的是迄今所应用的计算方法,不能表达汊道流量分配比率随水位变化的规律。本文以不同地区、不同河床质和不同类型汊道的实践资料为依据,对天然汊道流量分配比率随水位的变化规律,及其计算方法进行初步探讨。 天然河流的水流运动,可视为稳定不均匀缓变流,其方程式的微分形式是:
When studying the evolution of a tract, it often encounters the problem of the fraction distribution of a tract. Road traffic distribution ratio is to determine the road development or decline of an important factor. Due to the limitations of various conditions in practice, it often lacks systematic observation data of Tao flow and needs to be calculated by means of empirical formula. Apart from the general complexity, what is more important is that the calculation method used so far can not express the law of the distribution ratio of road flow with the change of water level. Based on the practical data of different areas, different riverbed types and different types of culverts, this paper discusses the regularity of the distribution ratio of natural lanes flow rate with the water level and its calculation method. The natural river flow movement, can be regarded as a steady non-uniform gradient flow, the differential form of its equation is: