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橡胶坝系一种新型的低水头挡水建筑物。坝体以锦纶帆布或尼龙帆布为受力骨架,表面附着氯丁橡胶为止水层和保护层的胶布拼粘而成。袋式橡胶坝用水或气或气水混合充胀立坝挡水。排空坝内充胀介质,坝体自行坍落紧贴河床,可畅泄洪水及上游堆积的泥砂、石块和漂浮物。橡胶坝是美国加利福尼亚州洛杉矶水利电力工程局工程师英勃特逊(N.M.Imbertson)于1956年所发明,并于1959年建造了世界上第一座氯丁橡胶坝(见图一)。此后,橡胶坝发展较快,如美国、法国、苏联、捷克、西德、意大利、日本、荷兰、巴基斯坦等,都
Rubber dam is a new type of low water head retaining structure. Dam body with nylon canvas or nylon canvas as a force frame, the surface attached to the neoprene water layer and protective layer of adhesive tape made of sticky. Bag-type rubber dam with water or gas or water mixed inflatable legislation dam retaining. Drainage of the inflatable medium dam, the dam collapsed on its own close to the riverbed, smooth discharge of flood and upstream accumulation of sediment, rocks and floats. The rubber dam was invented in 1956 by N. M. Imbertson, engineer of Los Angeles Water Conservancy and Electricity Engineering Bureau in California, USA. In 1959, the world’s first neoprene dam was built (see Figure 1). Since then, rubber dam developed rapidly, such as the United States, France, the Soviet Union, the Czech Republic, West Germany, Italy, Japan, the Netherlands, Pakistan, etc.