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目的了解2010—2015年青年学生人群艾滋病相关性行为情况和变化趋势,为开展有针对性的预防和干预措施提供参考。方法于2010—2015年4—6月,在全国每个省份选择大中专和高校较为集中的城市开展连续横断面调查。在所选地区采用分阶段整群抽样抽取青年学生开展匿名问卷调查,了解其性行为情况。结果 2010—2015年共调查312 016人,调查对象曾经发生过性行为的比例为8.3%,首次性行为使用安全套比例为48.5%,其中最近1 a与固定性伴、临时性伴、商业性伴及同性性伴发生过性行为的比例分别为94.7%,20.7%,3.9%和3.1%,与固定性伴、临时性伴、商业性伴曾发生性行为的比例男性均高于女性(χ2值分别为7.118,27.414,34.897,P值均<0.01),低年龄组(小于18岁)发生高危性行为的比例较高;与固定性伴、临时性伴、商业性伴及同性性伴发生性行为时坚持使用安全套的比例分别为35.8%,36.8%,43.2%和24.5%,其中女性与固定性伴、临时性伴发生性行为时坚持使用安全套的比例均高于男性(χ2值分别为69.784,12.239,P值均<0.01),低年龄组(<18岁)使用安全套的比例均较低。2010—2015年间,调查对象曾经发生性行为比例差异无统计学意义(χ2=1.023,P>0.05),首次性行为安全套使用比例略有上升,但总体水平仍较低(χ2=136.494,P<0.01)。结论青年学生性行为方式呈多元化,并存在一定比例的高危性行为和无保护性行为,增加了该人群感染艾滋病等性传播疾病的风险,且男性和低年龄组的感染风险相对较大。应积极开展生殖健康和艾滋病防治教育,提高青年人群的自我保健意识。
Objective To understand the situation and trend of HIV-related sexual behaviors among young students from 2010 to 2015 and provide reference for preventive and interventional measures. Methods From April to June of 2010-2015, a continuous cross-sectional survey was conducted in selected cities of higher education and colleges in each province in China. A phased cluster sampling was taken in selected areas to conduct anonymous questionnaires among young students to understand their sexual behavior. Results A total of 312 016 people were surveyed from 2010 to 2015. The proportion of the respondents who had had sexual intercourse was 8.3% and the proportion of first-time sexes who used condoms was 48.5%, of which the most recent 1-year was related to fixed partners, temporary partners, commercial partners And homosexual partners were 94.7%, 20.7%, 3.9% and 3.1%, respectively. The proportion of those who had sexual intercourse with fixed partners, temporary partners and commercial partners were higher than those of women (χ2 value (7.118,27.414,34.897 respectively, P <0.01). The incidence of high-risk sexual behaviors in the younger age group (younger than 18 years) was higher than those in the fixed age group, temporary partners, commercial partners and same-sex sexual partners The percentage of insist on condom use was 35.8%, 36.8%, 43.2% and 24.5%, respectively. Among them, the proportion of women who used condoms during fixed sex and temporary sexual partners was higher than that of men (χ2 = 69.784 , 12.239, both P <0.01). The proportion of condom use in low age group (<18 years old) was lower. There was no significant difference in the number of sexual behaviors among the surveyed subjects from 2010 to 2015 (χ2 = 1.023, P> 0.05). The proportion of first-time condom use increased slightly, but the overall level was still low (χ2 = 136.494, P < 0.01). Conclusions There is a diversity of sexual behaviors among young students, and there is a certain proportion of high-risk sexual behaviors and unprotected sex behaviors. This increases the risk of HIV / AIDS and other sexually transmitted diseases in this population, and the risk of infection is relatively high in men and the younger age groups. We should actively carry out education on reproductive health and AIDS prevention and control to raise the awareness of self-care among young people.