一、绪言碳的石墨化始于人造石墨的制造,是重要的工业技术分支,也是碳材料研究的中心论题,早巳进行了大量研究。石墨化这个术语,广义而言,是固体碳经2000℃以上高温处理的过程;与结构联系起来看,应认为是碳的乱层结构,部分或全部转变为石墨结构的一 I. INTRODUCTION The graphitization of carbon begins with the manufacture of artificial graphite, which is an important branch of industrial technology and a central topic in the research of carbon materials. A large number of studies have been carried out. The term graphitization, broadly speaking, is the process by which solid carbon is treated at high temperatures above 2000 ° C; in relation to the structure, it should be considered as a chaos structure of carbon that is partially or fully transformed into a graphite structure