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目的 探索适合国情的、能改善早产儿管理结果的组织形式。 方法 2003 年 3 月 1日至10月31日早产儿监护病房(premature infants ICU,PIICU)所有住院的早产低出生体重儿 316例为PIICU组,2002年3月1日至10月31日入NICU的所有早产儿243例为NICU组,对比分析所有患儿临床资料。 结果 两组间主要特殊治疗措施除中心静脉插管的使用率以 PIICU组较高(26.3%比14.4%,Z=-3.404,P<0.01)外,其他措施使用率差异均无显著性(P均>0.05);两组间除视网膜病变患病率(1. 3%比 1. 9%,Z= - 1. 063,P> 0. 05)差异无显著性外,总体出院痊愈率(94.0%比84.4%,Z=-3.710)、极低出生体重儿出院痊愈率(90.0 %比 73.6%,Z=-3.374)均为PIICU组高于NICU组(P均<0.01)。随访慢性肺部疾病(0.6%比2.9%,Z=-2.091)、脑发育不全的患病率(2.2%比6.2%,Z=-2.383)及住院期间并发症患病率均为PIICU组低于NICU组(P均<0.05)。 结论 PIICU的开展达到了改善救治效果的目的,且起积极作用的因素主要在于PIICU组织运行的本身。
Objective To explore the organizational form that is suitable for the national conditions and can improve the management results of premature infants. METHODS: All hospitalized preterm infants with preterm infants (pre-infants ICU, PIICU), March 1 to October 31, 2003, had 316 hospitalized preterm low birth weight infants (PIICU), which entered the NICU from March 1 to October 31, 2002 All preterm infants 243 cases of NICU group, comparative analysis of all children with clinical data. Results The main special treatment measures between two groups were no significant differences in the rates of central venous catheterization among other measures except PIICU (26.3% vs. 14.4%, Z = -3.404, P <0.01) (P> 0.05). There was no significant difference between the two groups in the prevalence of retinopathy (1.3% vs 1.9%, Z = - 1. 063, P> 0.05) % Vs 84.4%, Z = -3.710). The recovery rate of very low birth weight children (90.0% vs 73.6%, Z = -3.374) was higher in the PIICU group than in the NICU group (all P <0.01). Follow-up chronic pulmonary disease (0.6% vs. 2.9%, Z = -2.091), prevalence of brain hypoplasia (2.2% vs 6.2%, Z = -2.383), and prevalence of complications during hospitalization were lower in the PIICU group In NICU group (all P <0.05). Conclusion The development of PIICU has achieved the goal of improving the treatment effect, and the active factor mainly lies in the operation of PIICU itself.