[目的]了解上海市闵行区居民家庭饮用水消费结构及其卫生状况,为有针对性地开展饮用水卫生监测及监督提供依据。[方法]采用分层抽样方法抽取闵行区的270户居民进行问卷调查,并采集53户居民饮用水水样进行水质检测。[结果]从单一饮水模式看,闵行区居民家庭(以户为单位)饮用水消费结构以市政供水为主(占70%),其次为家用净水器净化水(占18.1%)和瓶(桶)装水(占7.4%),消费较少的为现制现售水(占3.3%)和饮料(1.1%),且此消费结构在不同镇(街道)类型间的差异有统计学意义(χ2=35.073,P<0.001);从复合饮水模式看,闵行区居民家庭饮用水消费结构主要由市政供水(占34.4%)、市政供水与饮料(占31.8%)、净化水与饮料(占9.3%)以及净化水(占8.5%)组成。此外,抽查显示,除市政供水和反渗透家用净水器净化水水样检测指标均合格外,其余类型饮用水水质均存在指标超标的现象,其中,瓶(桶)装饮用水及瓶(桶)装饮用纯净水水样中菌落总数均超标,超标率分别为50.0%和75.0%;一般净水器出水水样中检出菌落总数、总大肠菌群及锌超标,超标率分别为25.0%、10.0%和15.0%;现制现售水水样中细菌总数超标,超标率为25.0%。[结论]闵行区居民饮用水消费结构以市政供水为主,且存在地区差异,应因地制宜地加强瓶(桶)装水、家用净化水及现制现售水的卫生监测与监督。 [Objective] To understand the drinking water consumption structure and health status of residents and families in Minhang District of Shanghai and provide the basis for carrying out the monitoring and supervision of drinking water health. [Method] The stratified sampling method was used to sample 270 households in Minhang District to conduct questionnaire survey and water samples of 53 households were collected for water quality testing. [Results] From the single drinking water model, the consumption structure of drinking water in households (households) in Minhang District was dominated by municipal water supply (70%), followed by household water purifier (18.1%) and bottles (Accounting for 7.4%), less water consumption (3.3%) and beverages (1.1%), and the difference in consumption structure among different towns (streets) was statistically significant (χ2 = 35.073, P <0.001). From the perspective of compound drinking water pattern, consumption structure of drinking water for households in Minhang District mainly consists of municipal water supply (34.4%), municipal water supply and beverage (31.8%), purified water and beverage 9.3%) and purified water (8.5%). In addition, spot checks showed that except the municipal water supply and reverse osmosis household water purifier water quality testing indicators are qualified, the remaining types of drinking water quality indicators exist excessive, of which bottles (barrels) drinking water and bottles (barrels ) The total number of drinking water samples with pure water exceeded the standard, exceeding the standard rates were 50.0% and 75.0%; general water purifier water samples were detected in the total number of colonies, total coliform and zinc exceed the standard rates were 25.0% , 10.0% and 15.0% respectively. The total number of bacteria in the water samples for sale is over-standard, and the exceeding standard rate is 25.0%. [Conclusion] The drinking water consumption structure of residents in Minhang District is dominated by municipal water supply, and there are regional differences. Health monitoring and supervision of bottle bottled water, domestic purified water and existing-produced water should be strengthened according to local conditions.