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胃肠道间质瘤(GIST)是胃肠道最常见的间质肿瘤,可能起源于胃肠壁的Cajal间质细胞或向细胞分化的干细胞,GIST中c-kit基因突变,导致KIT酪氨酸激酶持续活化,细胞增殖分化失控,最终形成肿瘤,与疾病的复发和预后相关。肿瘤的大小和核有丝分裂指数是评价恶性潜能或危险性的最主要指标。确诊需要病理学诊断,联合检测CD117(KIT蛋白)和CD34的表达对GIST的诊断具有重要价值,其中KIT蛋白的敏感性和特异性较高。手术为治疗的首选方法。STI-571(imatinib mesylate)为酪氨酸激酶抑制剂,应用于手术无法切除或已发生转移的GIST患者,取得较好的疗效。
Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) are the most common stromal tumors in the gastrointestinal tract. They may originate from Cajal stromal cells in the gastrointestinal wall or stem cells that differentiate into cells. Mutations in the c-kit gene in GIST result in KIT tyrosine Activation of acid kinases, uncontrolled cell proliferation and differentiation, the final formation of tumors, and disease recurrence and prognosis. Tumor size and mitotic index are the most important indicators to evaluate the malignant potential or risk. Diagnosis requires pathological diagnosis, combined detection of CD117 (KIT protein) and CD34 expression of GIST diagnosis of great value, including KIT protein sensitivity and specificity. Surgery is the preferred method of treatment. STI-571 (imatinib mesylate), a tyrosine kinase inhibitor, is used in GIST patients with unresectable or metastatic surgeries.