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经由考察梁实秋、沈从文、李健吾、孙犁等人的文学主张,大致可以描述中国现代“人性论”文学观的形成及发展脉络。在曲折艰难的演进过程中,“人性论”文学观既与“阶级论”文学观彼此辩驳、相互校正,但也在较长一段时期受后者的打压与否定,直到二十世纪末才重新得到包括朱光潜、黄药眠、王元化等人的正面阐释与评价。尽管“人性”是中外思想家、文艺家热衷探讨的重要问题,但中国现代“人性论”文学观的思想资源却主要是欧洲文艺复兴以来的各家言论,这些西方观念以移植、挪用、变异、融突和合等不同方式进入中国,体现出域外文论本土化的基本规律和主要机制。
The literary ideas of Liang Shiqiu, Shen Congwen, Li Jianwu and Sun Li can roughly describe the formation and development of modern Chinese literature on “human nature”. During the twists and turns, the concept of “human nature” not only defended and corrected each other’s concepts of “class theory”, but also suppressed and negated the latter for a long period of time until the end of the twentieth century Only to get back, including Zhu Guangqian, Huang Yuxian, Wang Yuanhua and others positive interpretation and evaluation. Although “human nature” is an important issue that Chinese and foreign thinkers and writers and artists are keen to explore, the ideological resources in the modern Chinese literature theory of “human nature” are mainly the remarks made since the European Renaissance. These western concepts are portrayed and misappropriated , Mutation, conflict and equal access to China in different ways, reflecting the localization of foreign literary theory of the basic rules and the main mechanism.