体外循环是影响婴幼儿心脏直视手术近期效果的主要因素之一。报告近３年行婴幼儿心脏直视手术１０２例，死亡６例，另９６例中虽部分并发低心排出量综合征（ＬＣＯＳ）、急性呼吸窘迫综合征（ＡＲＤＳ）、急性肾功能衰竭（ＡＲＦ）及脑损害等并发症，但经救治均恢复正常。表明膜式氧合器的应用、合理的预充和血液稀释、科学的体外循环管理、适当的温度控制及有效的心肌保护措施，对减少婴幼儿体外循环术后并发症、降低死亡率具有重要意义 Cardiopulmonary bypass is one of the main factors affecting the immediate effect of open heart surgery in infants and young children. Reported nearly 3 years in 102 cases of infants with open heart surgery in 6 cases, 6 cases died, while the other 96 cases, part of complicated by low cardiac output syndrome (LCOS), acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), acute renal failure (ARF ) And brain damage and other complications, but after treatment were returned to normal. It shows that the application of membrane oxygenator, proper pre-filling and hemodilution, scientific management of cardiopulmonary bypass, appropriate temperature control and effective myocardial protection measures are important to reduce postoperative complications and reduce mortality in infants with cardiopulmonary bypass significance