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红外光谱法作为一种新的研究手段已经广泛应用于土壤分析,由其检测区域和手段的不同又可分为多种光谱类型。本研究以第四纪黄土为例,系统地比较了近红外区和中红外区反射光谱和光声光谱的吸收特征及其差异。结果表明,中红外光谱比近红外光谱的信息更为丰富,且中红外光谱与样品中物质的特征吸收关系更加密切,从而更有利于土壤定性与定量分析。土壤的反射光谱和光声光谱表现出了明显不同的特征,在近红外区,反射光谱和光声光谱吸收明显不同,而在中红外区,反射光谱和光声光谱具有相对应的吸收,但相对吸收强度明显不同,且吸收峰的位置也发生改变,尤其在1000~2000 cm-1谱区,反射光谱相互干扰很强,而光声光谱的吸收特征更为明显。在黄土的分类鉴别上,反射光谱优于光声光谱。红外反射光谱和光声光谱在不同波段下具有不同的吸收灵敏度,在土壤定性与定量分析中各自都将具有其明显的优势。
As a new research method, infrared spectroscopy has been widely used in soil analysis, which can be divided into a variety of spectral types by the different detection regions and means. Taking Quaternary loess as an example, this study systematically compares the absorption characteristics and differences of reflection and photoacoustic spectra in the near-infrared and mid-infrared regions. The results show that the mid-infrared spectrum is more abundant than the near-infrared spectrum, and the mid-infrared spectrum is more closely related to the characteristic absorption of the material in the sample, which is more conducive to the qualitative and quantitative analysis of the soil. Reflectance spectra and photoacoustic spectra of soils show distinctly different characteristics. In the near-infrared region, the reflectance and photoacoustic absorption are significantly different, while in the mid-infrared region, the reflectance and photoacoustic spectra have corresponding absorption, but the relative absorption Obviously different, and the location of the absorption peak also changed. Especially in the spectral region of 1000-2000 cm-1, the reflection spectra strongly interfere with each other, but the absorption characteristics of photoacoustic spectroscopy are more obvious. In the classification and identification of loess, the reflection spectrum is better than the photoacoustic spectrum. Infrared reflectance spectroscopy and photoacoustic spectroscopy have different absorption sensitivities in different wavelength bands, and each has its own distinct advantages in soil qualitative and quantitative analysis.