对长期游泳耐力训练后大白鼠红核细胞线粒体进行电镜观察及形态定量分析。结果表明，大鼠红核细胞线粒体有明显的形态结构变化：（１）线粒体数目明显增多，嵴致密，基质电子密度增高；（２）线粒体体密度（Ｖｖ）、面密度（Ｓｖ）和数密度（Ｎｖ）３项参数值均增大，与对照组比较均有显著性差异，Ｐ（Ｖｖ）＜０．０１，０．０１＜Ｐ（Ｓｖ）＜０．Ｏ５Ｐ（Ｎｖ）＜０．００１。 The long-term swimming endurance training rat erythrocyte mitochondria were observed by electron microscopy and morphometric analysis. The results showed that there were obvious morphological changes of mitochondria in rat erythrocyte: (1) the number of mitochondria increased obviously, the crest became dense and the electron density of matrix increased; (2) The mitochondrial Vv, Sv and number density (Nv), the values ​​of three parameters increased significantly compared with the control group, P (Vv) <0.01, 0.01