采用H—NTLA量表对太原市城区405名儿童进行个别智力测验、体检并对个人及家庭情况进行调查。结果显示儿童智力在3～9岁发展最快,10～14岁速度减慢,15岁以后智力变化不大。智商与学龄期儿童学习成绩正相关(r=0.298),单因素分析发现儿童智商与父亲饮酒,家庭人口数,人均经济收入,出生顺序,出生体重,出生季节和是否母乳喂养有关。总智商与儿童血型无关,但联想推理能力得分在不同血型间存在差异(F=2.83 P<0.05).经逐步回归分析,取界值F=3.28时,进入回归方程的因素有:性别、母乳喂养、人均经济收入和家庭人口数。建议大力提倡母乳喂养,提高全民经济文化水平,控制家庭人口数量是增进儿童智力发育的重要措施. Using the H-NTLA scale, we conducted individual intelligence tests on 405 children in urban Taiyuan and conducted physical examinations and investigated the personal and family circumstances. The results show that children’s intelligence in the 3 to 9 years of the fastest growing, 10 to 14-year-old slowed down after 15 years of intelligence little change. IQ was positively correlated with school-age children’s academic performance (r = 0.298). Univariate analysis found that IQ was related to father’s drinking, family size, per capita income, birth order, birth weight, birth season and breastfeeding. The total IQ was not related to children’s blood type, but the association of reasoning ability was different between different blood groups (F = 2.83 P <0.05) .Through stepwise regression analysis, when the cut-off value was 3.28, the factors that entered the regression equation were gender, Feeding, per capita income, and household size. It is suggested that vigorously promoting breastfeeding, raising the economic and cultural level of the whole people and controlling the number of family members are important measures to promote the intellectual development of children.