将来要用露天法开采的大多数深部矿床,所处的水文地质及采矿技术条件极为复杂。在不久的将来,已经开采的大多数露天矿的平均深度将达400～500米,而某些正在设计的露天矿的极限深度取500～700米。这些矿床的特点是:不稳固、易于滑坡的覆盖层和围岩的厚度很大;在剥离岩层中有数个含水层;地下涌水量大;矿床附近有向露天矿渗水的水池或水沟;构造断层带很普遍,裂隙和溶洞发育等等。 The majority of deep deposits to be mined in the open air in the future are in very complicated hydrogeological and mining technological conditions. In the near future, most open-pit mines that have been mined will have an average depth of 400 to 500 meters, while some of the open-pit mines that are being designed have a depth of 500 to 700 meters. These deposits are characterized by a large thickness of unstable and easily landslide cover and surrounding rock, several aquifers in exfoliated rock formations, large influx of underground water, reservoirs or ditches that seep into the open pit near the deposit, Fault zone is common, cracks and cave development and so on.