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目的探讨湖南锑冶炼砷废渣致水源性砷中毒的流行病学特征,为防治水源性砷中毒提供科学依据。方法运用回顾性流行病学方法对水源性砷中毒进行调查分析。结果水源性砷中毒,主要是砷碱渣污染水源所致,主要特征为急性和亚急性中毒,具有突发性、隐匿性、群体性,分布为饮同一水源,其年龄、性别无差异,可累及神经系统、消化系统、心血管系统以及血液、泌尿系统。根据患者的尿样及饮用水源的砷含量显著增高,可以确诊。结论通过对湖南锑冶炼业砷污染水源致砷中毒调查发现,水源性砷中毒具有一定的特征性,据此可以早期诊断和及时处理。预防砷对水源的污染,砷中毒事故是可以控制的。
Objective To investigate the epidemiological characteristics of arsenic poisoning caused by arsenic waste residue from antimony smelter in Hunan Province and provide a scientific basis for the prevention and control of waterborne arsenic poisoning. Methods The retrospective epidemiological method was used to investigate the water-borne arsenic poisoning. Results Arsenic poisoning caused by arsenic caustic soda was mainly caused by arsenic caustic soda. The main characteristics were acute and subacute poisoning, which were sudden, occult, and colony. The distribution was drinking the same water source with no difference in age and sex. Involved in the nervous system, digestive system, cardiovascular system and blood, urinary system. According to the patient’s urine samples and drinking water source of arsenic was significantly higher, can be diagnosed. Conclusion Arsenic poisoning caused by arsenic pollution in Hunan antimony smeltery industry was investigated. It was found that arsenic poisoning caused by arsenic poisoning in Hunan province has certain characteristics, so it can be diagnosed and treated in time. Prevention of arsenic water pollution, arsenic poisoning can be controlled.