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亚热带丘陵山地茶园普遍面临土壤贫瘠,季节性干旱严重、外界环境污染、生态组分简单、生态环境恶化等生态问题,造成茶叶品质下降,农药残留等有害物质超标,茶叶生产效益低。夏秋季高温时茶园覆盖遮阳网可降低土壤温度,提高茶园湿度和土壤水分含量;茶园覆盖稻草和种植豆科绿肥在夏秋干旱季增加土壤含水量,增加茶园害虫天敌数量,有效地控制害虫的生长和繁殖,改善茶园土壤结构,增加土壤有机质,提高N、P、K等养分的有效性。建立人工复合生态系统,可有效改善茶园生态环境,增加害虫天敌的种类和种群数量,结合农业和物理技术,做到少使用农药和化肥,实现亚热带丘山区茶园安全高效生产。
Subtropical hilly mountain tea gardens generally face ecological problems such as poor soil quality, serious seasonal drought, external environmental pollution, simple ecological components and deterioration of ecological environment, resulting in the decline of tea quality, excessive content of pesticide residues and other harmful substances, and low production efficiency of tea. Covering the shade net with high temperature in summer and autumn can reduce soil temperature and improve the humidity and soil water content in the tea plantation. Covering the straw with tea plantations and growing legume green manure increased the soil water content during the summer and autumn dry seasons, increased the number of pests and natural enemies in tea gardens and effectively controlled the growth of pests And breeding, improving the tea garden soil structure, increase soil organic matter, improve the effectiveness of N, P, K and other nutrients. The establishment of artificial composite ecosystem can effectively improve the ecological environment of tea plantations, increase the species and populations of natural enemies of pests, and combine agricultural and physical techniques to achieve less and less use of pesticides and fertilizers to achieve safe and efficient production of tea plantations in subtropical Qiu Mountain areas.