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目的了解北京市顺义区居民膳食中镉污染现状,评估顺义区市售食品中镉暴露风险。方法 2002-2012年对顺义区市售1 033件食品中镉含量进行监测,与顺义区居民食物标准人平均消费量数据和JECFA2010年制定的镉暂定每月耐受摄入量(PTMI)25ug/kg BW为参数相结合,对顺义区居民膳食镉暴露分布进行评估。结果 9类食品中畜禽内脏镉含量的均值最高为0.114 81mg/kg,谷物及其制品、新鲜食用菌均存在镉超标现象。按照食品消费量均值计算,顺义区居民每月9类食品中镉暴露量为0.004 17 mg/kg BW,均未超过PTMI每月允许摄入量(0.025mg/kg BW)的标准,贡献率最大的5类食品分别是谷物及其制品(70.0%)、蔬菜及其制品(11.1%)、肉类(7.3%)、蛋类(4.0%)、畜禽内脏(3.3%)。结论顺义区居民膳食镉暴露水平位于安全限值以内,通过膳食摄入的镉没有明显的风险。
Objective To understand the status quo of dietary cadmium pollution in Shunyi District of Beijing and assess the risk of cadmium exposure in commercially available foods in Shunyi District. Methods From 2002 to 2012, the cadmium content in 1 033 foodstuffs sold in Shunyi District was monitored, which was in accordance with the average food consumption per person of Shunyi District and the 25 uug umbilical cord blood index (JMIFA) / kg BW as a parameter to assess the distribution of dietary Cd in residents of Shunyi District. Results The average value of visceral cadmium contents in livestock and poultry in the 9 categories of foodstuffs was 0.114 81mg / kg, while that of cereals and their products and fresh edible mushrooms was excessive. According to the average of food consumption, the monthly exposure of cadmium in residents of Shunyi to 9 categories of food was 0.004 17 mg / kg BW, which did not exceed the allowable daily intake of PTMI (0.025 mg / kg BW), with the largest contribution rate (70.0%) of cereals and their products, vegetables and their products (11.1%), meat (7.3%), eggs (4.0%) and livestock and poultry (3.3%) respectively. Conclusions The level of dietary cadmium exposure of residents in Shunyi District is within the safety limits. There is no obvious risk of dietary cadmium intake.