目的:探讨维吾尔族(维族)、汉族妇女宫颈癌在感染HPV高危亚型之后,其致癌机制——人类染色体端粒酶(TERC)基因扩增的特点及差异性。方法:采用荧光原位杂交技术(FISH)检测23例维吾尔族和22例汉族宫颈癌患者的TERC基因扩增的情况。结果:23例维吾尔族宫颈癌患者TERC基因扩增率为86.96%,22例汉族宫颈癌TERC扩增率为90.90%。随着临床分期增高,维吾尔族、汉族宫颈癌患者的TERC基因扩增均无明显增加。维吾尔族、汉族宫颈癌在HPV各亚型感染之间,TERC基因平均扩增倍数差异无统计学意义。维吾尔族宫颈癌总的TERC基因扩增倍数与汉族差异有统计学意义,主要与维吾尔族宫颈癌患者中多重感染的比率高于汉族宫颈癌有关。结论:TERC基因的扩增在维、汉族宫颈癌的发生中均为早期事件。维吾尔族宫颈癌患者中多重HPV高危亚型感染比例较高,导致TERC基因扩增明显,可能是维吾尔族宫颈癌发病率高于汉族的原因之一。 Objective: To investigate the characteristics and differences of human chromosome telomerase (TERC) gene amplification in Uighur (Uighur) and Han women with cervical cancer after being infected with high risk HPV subtypes. Methods: Fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) was used to detect the amplification of TERC gene in 23 cases of Uigur and 22 cases of cervical cancer in Han nationality. Results: The TERC gene amplification rate was 86.96% in 23 Uighur cervical cancer patients and 90.90% in 22 Han cervical cancer patients. With the increase of clinical stage, there was no significant increase in TERC gene amplification in Uigur and Han patients with cervical cancer. Uigur, Han cervical cancer in HPV subtypes of infection, the average amplification fold TERC gene was no significant difference. The total amplification of TERC gene in Uigur patients with cervical cancer was significantly different from that in Han nationality, which was mainly associated with the higher incidence of multiple infections in Uigur patients with cervical cancer than in Han patients. Conclusion: The amplification of TERC gene is an early event in the occurrence of cervical cancer in Victoria and Han nationality. The prevalence of multiple HPV high-risk subtypes in Uigur patients with cervical cancer is high, which leads to the obvious amplification of TERC gene, which may be one of the reasons for the higher incidence of cervical cancer in Uigur patients than Han nationality.