背部直切口上达第12肋下缘,下至髂脊,位于骶棘肌外缘,一般长8—10厘米。切开皮肤、腰背脑筋膜下叶,露出骶棘肌,拉钩将其牵向内侧,继切开腰背筋膜前叶,暴露其下方的腰方肌、腰大肌。使用切口撑开器后,靠内侧切开肾周围筋膜,暴露下半肾脏。于其内上方分离,暴露出肾盂或管尿上段,做两侧牵引线,用尖刀切开肾盂或输尿管后, On the back straight incision on the lower edge of the 12th rib, down to the iliac crest, located in the outer edge of the sacral spine muscle, usually 8-10 cm long. Cut the skin, lower back fascia subluxation, showing sacral spine muscle, pull the hook to the inside, following the open back of the anterior fascia, exposing its lower side of the square muscle, psoas muscle. After using the incision retractor, cut the kidney around the fascia, exposing the lower half of the kidney. In the top of its separation, exposing the renal pelvis or tube urinary segment, do both sides of the traction line, with a sharp knife to cut the renal pelvis or ureter,