论文部分内容阅读
目的:了解医务人员对季节性流感和流感疫苗的态度、接种意愿以及影响其接种意愿的主要因素,为制定有针对性的流感疫苗接种策略提供依据。方法:采用前瞻性队列研究设计,按照整群分层抽样方法对青岛市8家医疗机构共计1301名医务人员进行流感季前基线调查和季后随访调查;采用卡方检验和Logistic回归分析对疫苗接种意愿的影响因素进行分析。结果:调查的医务人员该年流感疫苗接种率为4.8%,42.8%的医务人员认为流感疫苗安全,而45.1%的人员对接种疫苗持消极态度;接种组医务人员态度因素得分明显高于非接种组;季前接种意愿越强,接种可能性越大;接种意愿受态度因素影响,具有“认为自己易感、患病后担心、认为疫苗有保护作用、愿意接受疾控部门推荐、认为不接种疫苗易患流感或会后悔”等态度因素的医务人员接种意愿高。结论:接种意愿会直接影响实际接种行为,医务人员对疫苗的态度越积极,接种意愿越强烈;强制接种和免费接种策略可以有效提高接种意愿,进而提高疫苗接种率。应积极加强对医务人员关于疫苗安全与效果的宣传动员,并可考虑推行医务人员免费接种或强制接种政策,提高医务人员流感疫苗接种率,从而达到降低流感发病率的目的。
OBJECTIVE: To understand the attitude of medical staff to seasonal flu and flu vaccination, their willingness to inoculation and the main factors influencing their willingness to inoculation, so as to provide a basis for formulating a targeted influenza vaccination strategy. Methods: According to the prospective cohort study design, a total of 1,301 medical staffs from 8 medical institutions in Qingdao were surveyed by pre-season baseline and post-season follow-up according to cluster stratified sampling method. The chi-square test and Logistic regression analysis were used to analyze the vaccine Factors influencing inoculation will be analyzed. Results: The vaccination rate of medical staff surveyed in this year was 4.8%. 42.8% of the medical staff considered the influenza vaccine safe and 45.1% of the staff took a negative attitude towards vaccination. The attitudes of medical staff in vaccination group were significantly higher than those of non-vaccinated group Group; pre-season intentions of vaccination stronger, the greater the possibility of vaccination; inoculation will be affected by the attitude of factors, with “think they are susceptible, worried about the disease, that the vaccine has a protective effect, willing to accept the CDC recommended that Vaccination susceptible to influenza or regret ”attitude and other medical staff high willingness to vaccination. CONCLUSION: The vaccination will directly affect the actual vaccination behavior. The more active the vaccines the medical staff will be, the stronger their willingness to vaccinate. The compulsory vaccination and vaccination strategies can effectively increase the vaccination intention and thus increase the vaccination rate. The publicity and mobilization of medical staff on the safety and effectiveness of vaccines should be actively strengthened. The policy of free vaccination or forced vaccination of medical staff should be considered and the flu vaccination rate should be raised so as to reduce the incidence of influenza.