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目的研究安徽省阜阳市既往献血人群中 HIV-1感染者体内病毒流行株的亚型及序列变异特征。方法用巢式聚合酶链反应(nested-PCR)对 HIV-1外膜蛋白(env)基因和核心蛋白(gag)基因进行扩增,获得244例患者的 env 基因 V3-C3及其邻近区域序列和245例患者的 gag 基因区序列,应用 MEGA 软件进行分析,同时结合患者的疾病进展阶段进行相关性研究。结果系统进化树显示安徽省阜阳市患者体内 HIV 病毒的 env 和 gag 区序列属泰国 B 亚型;env 和 gag 区的组内基因距离分别为9.11%和3.59%;按 CD4细胞绝对计数分层,随 CD4细胞绝对计数降低,env、Gag组内基因距离明显升高;随病毒载量水平增加,各组基因距离有增大的趋势,且差异均有统计学意义(P<0.001)。env 区 V3环序列13份长期不进展者7份顶端四肽为 GPGQ,53份缓慢进展者33份顶端四肽为 GPGR,两者间差异有统计学意义(P=0.038)。结论安徽省阜阳市既往献血人群 HIV-1感染者体内的病毒流行株是 B′亚型。CD4和病毒载量作为疾病进程不同阶段的指标,与病毒变异有相关性,即随 CD4降低、病毒载量升高病毒组内基因距离增大。HIV B′亚型 V3环顶端四肽随疾病进展由 GPGQ 为主变为 GPGR 为主。
Objective To study the subtypes and sequence variations of HIV-1 infection in blood donors in Fuyang City, Anhui Province. Methods Envelope env gene and core gene (gag) of HIV-1 were amplified by nested-PCR, and V3-C3 and its adjacent region of env gene of 244 patients were obtained And 245 patients gag gene region sequence, using MEGA software analysis, combined with the patient’s stage of disease progression correlation study. Results The phylogenetic tree showed that the env and gag regions of HIV in Fuyang City of Anhui Province belonged to Thailand B subtype. The genomic distances in env and gag regions were 9.11% and 3.59% respectively. Stratified by absolute CD4 cell count, With the absolute count of CD4 cells decreased, the gene distance in env and Gag group was significantly increased. With the increase of viral load, the distance between each group had an increasing trend, and the difference was statistically significant (P <0.001). Seven of the top tetrapeptides in the V3 region of the env region were GPGQ, and 33 of the 53 slow-acting top peptides were GPGR. There was a significant difference between the two groups (P = 0.038). Conclusions The virus epidemic strain in HIV-1 infected blood donors in Fuyang City of Anhui Province is B ’subtype. CD4 and viral load as indicators of different stages of the disease process, and the virus mutation has a correlation, that is, with the CD4 decreased viral load increased within the group increased genetic distance within the group. The top tetrapeptide of HIV B ’subtype V3 loop changed from GPGQ to GPGR as the disease progressed.