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目的了解老年2型糖尿病(T2DM)患者口腔黏膜病变状况及其危险因素,为实施干预提供依据。方法 2011年1月至2012年3月,将纳入某市综合医院门诊的105例老年T2DM患者作为病例组,按照1∶1配对的原则,将105例健康老年体检者作为对照组,进行问卷调查,调查内容包括人口学特征、糖尿病史等,并进行口腔黏膜临床检查。结果病例组有口腔黏膜病变倾向者占86.7%,对照组占19.0%;病例组患潜在恶性疾病(PMD)者占38.1%,对照组占7.6%;病例组真菌感染者占21.9%,对照组占6.7%;两组上述指标的差异均有统计学意义(χ2值分别为18.963、18.976、15.642,P<0.01)。多因素条件logistic回归分析结果显示,T2DM并发症(OR=10.607,95%CI:5.027～18.796)、吸烟(OR=3.531,95%CI:1.393～8.788)可增加老年T2DM患者口腔黏膜病变的机会。结论 T2DM并发症和吸烟是老年T2DM患者口腔黏膜病变的危险因素,应定期进行临床检查,以确保老年T2DM患者口腔黏膜病变的早期诊断和及时处理。
Objective To understand the status of oral mucosal lesions and its risk factors in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and provide the basis for the intervention. Methods From January 2011 to March 2012, 105 elderly patients with T2DM admitted to a general hospital in a certain city were selected as the case group. According to the principle of 1: 1 matching, 105 healthy elderly patients were selected as the control group, and questionnaires were conducted , The survey includes demographic characteristics, history of diabetes, and oral mucosal clinical examination. Results The incidence of oral mucosal lesions was 86.7% in the case group and 19.0% in the control group, 38.1% in the case group and 7.6% in the control group, 21.9% in the case group, and in the control group Accounting for 6.7%. There was significant difference between the two groups (χ2 = 18.963, 18.976, 15.642, P <0.01). Multivariate conditional logistic regression analysis showed that T2DM (OR = 10.607, 95% CI: 5.027-18.996) and smoking (OR = 3.531, 95% CI 1.393-8.788) increased the chances of oral mucosal lesions in elderly patients with T2DM . Conclusions T2DM complications and smoking are the risk factors of oral mucosal lesions in elderly patients with T2DM. Regular clinical examination should be conducted to ensure the early diagnosis and timely treatment of oral mucosal lesions in elderly patients with T2DM.