近年来,我国核能与核技术应用发展非常迅猛,其中有超过2万家非医疗放射性作业单位,主要是核燃料循环设施(包括铀矿开采、铀矿水冶、铀浓缩和转化、燃料制造、反应堆运行、燃料后处理、核燃料循环研究等)、辐照装置、加速器和其他核技术工业应用等;有超过10万名非医疗核能与核技术应用的放射作业人员;另外,我国非铀矿矿工约有1 000万名,其中约550万名为煤矿工,450万名 In recent years, the application of nuclear energy and nuclear technology in our country has witnessed rapid development. There are more than 20,000 non-medical radiological operating units, mainly nuclear fuel cycle facilities (including uranium mining, uranium mining and hydrometallurgy, uranium enrichment and conversion, fuel manufacturing, and reactors Operation, fuel reprocessing, nuclear fuel cycle research, etc.), irradiation devices, accelerators and other nuclear technology industrial applications; there are more than 100,000 non-medical nuclear energy and nuclear technology applications of radiation workers; In addition, China’s non-uranium miners about There are 10 million, of whom about 5.5 million are coal miners and 4.5 million