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目的初步评价深圳市生活饮用水中三卤甲烷对人体健康产生的潜在危害。方法于2010年1月—2011年12月,对深圳市13个市政水厂出厂水和部分末梢水中三卤甲烷(三氯甲烷、一氯二溴甲烷、二氯一溴甲烷、三溴甲烷)浓度进行检测,并对饮水途径所引起的健康风险做出初步评价。结果深圳市饮用水中三卤甲烷及三氯甲烷、一氯二溴甲烷、二氯一溴甲烷和三溴甲烷浓度中位数分别为37.0、24.5、2.3、7.8、0.3μg/L,致癌个人年风险分别为4.52×10-5、2.38×10-5、6.07×10-6、1.52×10-5、7.45×10-8/a,非致癌健康风险值个人年风险分别为9.32×10-2、7.68×10-2、3.61×10-3、1.23×10-2、4.71×10-4/a。三卤甲烷按风险大小排列为三氯甲烷>二氯一溴甲烷>一氯二溴甲烷>三溴甲烷。结论深圳市政出厂水中三卤甲烷对人体健康产生的潜在致癌个人年风险在美国环境保护署(USEPA)可以接受的限值(1.0×10-4~1.0×10-6/a)之内,但接近国际辐射防护委员会(ICRP)推荐的最大可接受值(5.0×10-5/a);非致癌健康风险在USEPA可接受限值(HI<1)之内。
Objective To evaluate the potential harm of trihalomethanes to human health in Shenzhen city drinking water. Methods From January 2010 to December 2011, the concentrations of trihalomethanes (trichloromethane, chlorodibromomethane, dichlorobromomethane, tribromomethane) in the tap water and some of the peripheral water from 13 municipal waterworks in Shenzhen were tested , And made a preliminary assessment of the health risks posed by drinking water routes. Results The median concentrations of trihalomethanes and chloroform, monochlorodibromomethane, dichlorobromomethane and tribromomethane in drinking water in Shenzhen were 37.0, 24.5, 2.3, 7.8 and 0.3 μg / L, respectively. The annual risk of carcinogenicity was 4.52 × 10-5,2.38 × 10-5,6.07 × 10-6,1.52 × 10-5,7.45 × 10-8 / a, the annual risk of non-carcinogenic health risk values were 9.32 × 10-2,7.68 × 10 -2, 3.61 × 10 -3, 1.23 × 10 -2, 4.71 × 10 -4 / a. Trihalomethanes are ranked by risk as trichloromethane> dichlorobromomethane> monochlorodibromomethane> tribromomethane. Conclusions The personal annual risk of trihalomethanes in water supplied by Shenzhen municipal water factory is within the acceptable limit of USEPA (1.0 × 10-4 ~ 1.0 × 10-6 / a) Approaching the ICRP recommended maximum acceptable level (5.0 × 10-5 / a); non-carcinogenic health risks are within the USEPA acceptable limit (HI <1).