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目的 了解军校不同层次新学员心理健康水平及其与性格类型的关系 ,为教育管理者采取针对性教育管理提供理论依据。方法 在某军校 99年级新生中整群抽取本科及大专学员队进行调查分析。采用症状自评量表 (SCL - 90 )和焦虑自评量表 (SAS)、流调中心用抑郁量表 (CES -D)及有关性格的内外向评定等问卷。由学生集中填写 ,独立完成。结果 军校新学员心理症状中以强迫症状、人际关系紧张、偏执等最为突出。本科与专科新学员的心理健康水平存在差异。性格内向型学员的SCL - 90各因子分 (躯体症状、偏执、敌对除外 )、阳性项目数、总均分显著高于性格外向型的学员 (P <0 0 1) ;在性格内、外向型学员中确定有抑郁症状 (抑郁评分≥ 2 0分 )的分别占 39 2 % ,12 % ,差异显著 (P <0 0 1)。结论 不同层次、不同性格类型的新学员的心理健康状况水平有所不同。提示教育管理工作者应针对不同性格类型和不同层次的学员进行相应的行政管理措施。
Objective To understand the mental health of new cadets at different levels and their relationship with personality types, and to provide theoretical basis for education administrators to take targeted education and management. Methods A group of 99 freshmen in a military college cluster and undergraduate students were selected for investigation and analysis. The SCL - 90 and SAS, SAS - D and the internal and external assessment of personality were used to evaluate the personality of the patients. Concentrated by the students, completed independently. Results The new cadets psychological symptoms in obsessive-compulsive disorder, interpersonal tensions, paranoid and most prominent. Undergraduate and specialist new students mental health differences. Personality introverts had significantly higher SCL - 90 scores (except somatic symptoms, paranoid and hostile ones), positive items and total scores than those with personality - oriented traits (P <0.01) There were 39.2% and 12% of the participants who had depression (depression score ≥ 20), respectively, with significant difference (P <0.01). Conclusion The new students at different levels and with different personality types have different mental health status. It is suggested that education management workers should conduct corresponding administrative measures according to different personality types and different levels of students.