某些机器零件通过很小的接融区域(有时称线接触)来传递或支承载荷,如齿轮、轴承、凸轮、滚柱以及滚轮/导轨或滚柱/滑槽等装置均是如此。这些零件工作时因接触面小,即使在很轻的载荷作用下也会受到较高的接触应力。在设计中通常用 Hertz 公式计算接触应力,这些公式只考虑了在静止状态下接触表面的压载荷。但大多数机器零件是运动的,接触表面有滑动,至少有滑动的趋势。由滑动引起的摩擦力将剪切载荷施加于接触表面上,结 Some machine components transmit or support loads through a small area of ​​convergence (sometimes referred to as line contact) such as gears, bearings, cams, rollers, and rollers / rails or rollers / chutes. Due to their small contact area, these parts are subject to high contact stresses even under very light loads. Contact stress is usually calculated using the Hertz equation in the design. These formulas only consider the pressure load on the contact surface at rest. However, most machine parts are sports, the sliding surface of the contact surface, at least the trend of sliding. Frictional force caused by sliding applies a shear load to the contact surface, knot