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针对碰撞安全的结构设计要求,以变形功法和塑性铰能量法为基础,对翻卷管吸能特性和启动载荷进行了力学分析和理论推导,提出3个启动载荷的理论计算公式,分析了影响启动载荷大小的工艺因素,然后对翻卷管进行了静态试验,得到载荷-位移曲线,最后利用有限元软件ABAQUS对设计的翻卷管进行动态的数值模拟和分析。试验和数值模拟结果表明:翻卷管的吸能曲线较为平稳,是理想的吸能元件,变形功法和塑性铰能量法推导的理论公式比经验公式更为准确,动态吸能过程中会出现载荷峰值,在吸能器设计阶段要充分考虑。
Aiming at the structural design requirements of crash safety, the mechanical analysis and theoretical derivation of energy-absorbing characteristics and starting load of rolled tube are made based on the deformation method and the plastic hinge energy method. Three theoretical formulas for calculating the starting load are proposed, and the influences are analyzed Then, the load-displacement curves were obtained. Finally, the dynamic numerical simulation and analysis of the designed rolling tube were carried out by the finite element software ABAQUS. The experimental results and numerical simulations show that the energy absorption curve of rolled tube is relatively stable, which is an ideal energy absorption element. The theoretical formulas deduced by the deformation method and the plastic hinge method are more accurate than the empirical formula, and the load will appear during dynamic energy absorption Peak, in the design phase of the absorber to give full consideration.