目的 研究CD4~+Treg细胞在骨髓增生异常综合征(MDS)中的变化及其意义.并探讨CD4~+Treg细胞在MDS低危组和MDS高危组中的变化和内在联系.方法 流式细胞仪检测MDS低危组(21例)、MDS高危组(15例)及正常对照组(22例)CD4~+CD25~+T细胞和CD4~+FOXP3~+T细胞分别占CD4~+T细胞的比例,采用直接免疫荧光法标记T细胞特征抗原.结论 CD4~+FOXP3~+T细胞占CD4~+T细胞的比例在各组中比较:MDS低危组与高危组均明显高于正常对照组,MDS高危组高于低危组,差异有统计学意义,CD4~+CD25~+T细胞占CD4~+T的比例在各组中无明显差异.结论CD4~+Treg细胞在MDS组较正常对照组明显升高,并且随着疾病的进展CD4~+Treg细胞逐渐升高.“,”Objective To explore the alterations and significance of regulatory T (Treg) cells in patients with myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) and to investigate the distinction and association of Treg cells a-mong MDS low-risk group and MDS high-risk group. Methods The proportion of CD4~+ CD25~+ T cells and of CD4 ~+ FOXP3~+ T cells in CD4~+ T cells were examined by direct immunofluorescence straining technique and detected by flow cytometry. There were three groups in the study which were MDS low-risk group (21 cases), MDS high-risk group (15 cases), normal control group (22 cases). Results The proportion of CD4 ~+ FOXP3~+ T cells in patients with MDS (both high-risk group and low-risk group ) was also significantly higher than normal control group (P <0.05). The percentages of CD4~+ FOXP3 ~+ T cells were distinct statistically between low-risk group(7.46 ±2.01)% and high-risk group(9.62±3.61)% , and the later was higher than the former (P 0. 05). Conclusion The proportion of Treg cells is much higher in MDS patients than in normal controls and gradually increased while the disease progressed.