目的:调查滇重楼居群表型性状的变异范围,寻找与产量密切相关的表型性状,为今后滇重楼品种选育提供参考。方法:以云南省西双版纳地区经3年引种栽培的野生滇重楼居群为研究对象,随机标记滇重楼植株,观测其表型性状,并进行表型性状变异、主成分、相关性、方差和通径分析。结果:该滇重楼居群11个表型性状变异较大,主要分布在产量、长势、遗传特征几个方面。不同生长年限(4~10年)滇重楼植株地上部分性状包括茎高、茎粗、花茎高、花茎粗、叶数、叶长、叶宽无显著性差异(P>0.05),地下部分性状包括根重、根长、根粗随植株生长年限增加而增加,差异显著(P<0.05)。滇重楼各主要性状对根重的作用效应依次为:根粗(0.2550)>根年限(0.1183)>根长(0.0202)>茎粗(0.0081)>茎高(0.0044)>叶数(0.0025)>叶长(0.0018)>叶宽(0.0004)>花茎高(0.0003)>花茎粗(0.0001)。结论:该滇重楼居群表形性状在产量、长势、遗传特征几个方面变异丰富,其中地上部分表型性状差异与生长年限无关,生长年限影响的主要是地下部分性状。在滇重楼不同根茎类型挑选时,根粗可以作为首选性状,在不方便获得根茎性状信息的情况下,茎粗可以作为首选性状。 Objective: To investigate the variation range of phenotypic traits in population of Diannongloudan, looking for the phenotypic traits closely related to the yield, and to provide references for future breeding of Polygamum in Yunnan. Methods: The populations of Diannonglou population, introduced and cultivated for three years in Xishuangbanna, Yunnan Province, were selected as the research objects. The plants of Diannonglou were randomly selected and the phenotypic traits were observed. The variation of phenotypic traits, principal component, correlation, variance And path analysis. Results: The 11 phenotypic traits of this population were quite different, mainly distributed in yield, vigor and genetic characteristics. The above-ground part traits of Dianhonglou with different growth years (4 ~ 10 years) showed no significant difference in stem height, stem diameter, stem height, flower stem diameter, leaf number, leaf length and leaf width (P> 0.05) Including the root weight, root length and root thickness increased with the increase of plant growth years, the difference was significant (P <0.05). The effects of main characters of Rhizoma Paridis on root weight were as follows: root diameter (0.2550)> root length (0.1183)> root length (0.0202)> stem diameter (0.0081)> stem height (0.0044)> leaf number > Leaf length (0.0018)> Leaf width (0.0004)> Flowering stem height (0.0003)> Flowering stem diameter (0.0001). CONCLUSION: The morphological traits of Diannonglou population in this area vary widely in yield, vigor and genetic characteristics. The differences of phenotypic traits in aboveground parts have nothing to do with the growth years, and the growth years affect mainly the underground characters. When selecting the different rhizome types of Rhizoma Polygoni cuspidatum, the root thickness can be used as the preferred trait, and the stem diameter can be used as the preferred trait when it is not convenient to obtain the rhizome trait information.