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该文采用JEM-100CX II型透射电子显微镜对东北地区5种蒲公英叶片叶绿体超微结构进行观察,并利用LI-6400便携式光合仪对其进行叶绿素荧光参数和光合特性进行比较。叶绿体超微结构,5种蒲公英中叶绿体较大,基粒片层较多、类囊体规则、无淀粉粒等叶绿体特征决定植株光合作用较强。5种蒲公英Pn日变化为“双峰型”曲线,气孔限制是光合“午休”的主要调节因素。其中蒙古蒲公英Taraxacum mongolicum Pn,Gs,Ci含量均最高,亚洲蒲公英T.asiaticum均最低。5种蒲公英Pn与Gs,Ci间呈正比例关系,Pn与Tr间呈反比例关系。另外Pn与其Chla,Chlb呈正相关,且与Chlb的关系较大。论证了蒙古蒲公英光合效率最高,是高光合速率蒲公英种,为蒲公英属资源评价与利用提供理论基础。
In this paper, the chloroplast ultrastructure of five species of dandelion in Northeast China was observed by using JEM-100CX II transmission electron microscope. The chlorophyll fluorescence parameters and photosynthetic characteristics were compared using LI-6400 portable photosynthesis system. The ultrastructure of chloroplast, the larger chloroplast, the more grana lamella in the five species of dandelion, and the chloroplast characteristics of thylakoid rule and starch-free grain determined that the photosynthesis of plant was stronger. The diurnal variations of Pn of five kinds of dandelion were “bimodal” curve, stomatal limitation was the main adjustment factor of photosynthesis “lunch break ”. Among them, the content of Taraxacum mongolicum Pn, Gs, Ci in Mongolia dandelion was the highest, while T.asiaticum was the lowest in Asia. Five kinds of dandelion Pn and Gs, Ci was proportional to the relationship between Pn and Tr was inversely proportional relationship. In addition, Pn has a positive correlation with Chla and Chlb, and has a great relationship with Chlb. The results showed that the highest photosynthetic rate of dandelion in Mongolia was the high photosynthesis rate dandelion species, which provided the theoretical basis for the evaluation and utilization of dandelion resources.