杂种优势在农业生产上占有很重要的位置。杂交玉米和杂交水稻的高产量就是最好的例子。我国杂交水稻之所以成功在于找到了雄性不育系。为此菲律宾国际水稻研究中心负责人M.S.Swaminathan认为我国杂交水稻的增产作用可与杂交玉米相比。我国的海带养殖已有多年的历史,但到60年代初,才开始有品种可供利用。海带是否有杂种优势可用于生产,在当时难以探明。这因为成熟的海带孢子体放散大量孢子,并由此产生的配子体是雌雄混杂的。至今又没有在海带中发现雄性不育株,因此难以进行大规模的杂交实验。70年代中,我们实验室进行海带单倍体的细胞培养取得成功。由此发现了海带雌性生活史,建立了海带单倍体雌性和雄性克隆。自此以后海 Heterosis occupies a very important position in agricultural production. High yields of hybrid corn and hybrid rice are the best examples. The reason why the success of hybrid rice in China is to find a male sterile line. Therefore, the head of the International Rice Research Center of the Philippines M.S.Swaminathan that hybrid rice in China can increase the yield compared with the hybrid corn. China’s kelp culture has many years of history, but by the early 60s, began to have varieties available for use. Whether kelp heterosis can be used for production, was difficult to prove at that time. This is because the mature kelp spores release a large number of spores, and the resulting gametophyte is mixed male and female. So far, no male sterile plants have been found in kelp, making it difficult to carry out large-scale hybridization experiments. In the 1970s, our laboratory successfully performed kelp haploid cell culture. This led to the discovery of kelp female life history, the establishment of kelp haploid female and male clones. Since then sea