一、病毒学: 病毒引起的疾患,远远超过其他微生物感染。病毒感染性强,流行广泛,目前还缺少特效药物。由于病毒培养和病毒诊断技术的进展,近年来发现了很多新病毒。但是临床病毒学诊断技术还亟待普及。 (1)病毒的基本概念: 病毒是一种微小的,结构简单,寄生在细胞内以复制方式增殖的微生物。①微小的:最大的病毒(痘苗病毒,——直径约300毫微米(1毫微米为10亿分 First, virology: disease caused by the virus, far more than other microbial infections. Viruses are highly contagious and have a wide range of epidemics. There are currently no specific drugs. Due to advances in virus culture and virus diagnosis techniques, many new viruses have been discovered in recent years. However, clinical virological diagnosis is still to be popularized. (1) The basic concept of the virus: The virus is a tiny, simple structure, parasitic intracellular replication of microorganisms in a reproductive manner. ① Tiny: The largest virus (vaccinia virus, - a diameter of about 300 nanometers (1 nanometer to 1 billion points