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今年是第二次世界大战胜利60周年,这里特意选择了三篇与战争有关的作品。从20世纪三四十年代以来,以第二次世界大战为背景的文学创作从未中断。其中,既有值得称道的鸿篇巨制,也不乏小中见大、意蕴深厚的精短佳作。法国作家哈巴特·霍利的《德军剩下来的东西》、美国作家奥莱尔的《在柏林》和中国作家许行的《立正》便属后者。三篇微型小说都没有正面描写战争,而是从一个很小的角度,以独特的眼光,间接地反映战争。前两篇作品选择了一个特定镜头,巧妙地表现了战争给人民带来的灾难,揭示了法西斯的罪恶。第三篇写了一个国民党的俘虏连长可怜、可叹的悲剧一生,反映战争时期军队专制对人性的扭曲。微型小说有如微雕艺术,方寸之间却展现着大千世界。阅读这三篇作品,并通过分析、对比,找出作品的相同点和不同点,并探究造成这种异同的原因,以加深对作品的认识,获得新见解。
This year marks the 60th anniversary of the victory of the Second World War. Three war-related works were deliberately selected here. Since the 1930s and 1940s, literary creation with the background of the Second World War has never stopped. Among them, there are notable compendia, and there are also some fine short works that are both large and small. The French writer Habat Holly’s “The Rest of the Germans”, the American writer Olaer’s “In Berlin” and the Chinese writer Xu Xing’s “Lizheng” are the latter. None of the three mini-fictions described war frontally, but reflected the war indirectly from a very small angle with a unique vision. The first two works selected a specific lens, subtly demonstrating the disaster caused by the war to the people and revealing the evil of fascism. In the third article, a poor, embarrassing tragedy of a KMT captain’s life was written, reflecting the distortion of human nature by the military system during the war. Miniature novels are like miniature art, but between them, there are thousands of worlds. Read these three works, and through analysis and comparison, find out the similarities and differences of the works, and explore the reasons for this difference, in order to deepen the understanding of the works and gain new insights.