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通过1985～1988年四年的调查研究结果,荆门市麦田杂草有50余种,常见杂草有39种,分属17科,分布于四个生态群落。恶性杂草优势种有看麦娘、繁缕、猪殃殃、婆婆纳、大小巢菜、小蓟。不同生态环境生长的小麦杂草的出现频率、草害指数、危害频率指标差异显著。使用丁草胺、2甲4氯等除草剂防除麦田杂草能增加小麦产量15％以上;通过多种配方筛选提出适用于我市麦田杂草不同分布型的化学防除对策。 一、调查方法 1、采用五级目测法,根据杂草的覆盖度、相对高度和相对多度互相参照划分等级,分别计算出荆北山区、荆中丘陵区、荆南平畈、荆东平原区四个生态类型的主要杂草的出现频率、杂草指数和危害指数。共查12个村、240块田,1200个样方,计587亩,代表面积4695亩。
According to the results of the investigation from 1985 to 1988, there are over 50 kinds of weeds in the wheat field of Jingmen City. There are 39 common weeds in 17 families, which are distributed in four ecological communities. The dominant species of malignant weed Anemia, chickweed, Galium aparine, granny, size vetch, thistle. The occurrence frequency, grass damage index and harm frequency index of wheat weeds grown in different ecological environments were significantly different. The use of butachlor, 2 A 4 chlorine and other herbicides to control weeds in wheat field can increase the yield of wheat more than 15%; through a variety of formulations screening proposed for our city wheat weeds different distribution of chemical control measures. First, the survey method 1, using five visual methods, according to weed coverage, relative height and relative abundance of mutual reference to the level of classification, were calculated Jingbei Mountain, Jingzhong Hilly, Jingnan Pingtong, Jingdong Plain Frequency of appearance, weed index and hazard index of four main ecological types of weeds. A total of 12 villages, 240 fields, 1200 plots, accounting for 587 acres, representing an area of 4695 acres.