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把直流电弧垂直方向的弧柱用二片表面镀铝的反射镜所组成的换向镜横向成象于摄谱仪狭缝,摄取弧柱中部圆截面的光谱。沿谱线的全长测量其强度分布。再利用Λbel数学解式用图解积分法解出谱线相对辐射密度的径向分布。这样所得到的实验数据从理论上可以计算出:1)激发温度;2)平均电离度;3)各元素的电离度;4)电子密度;5)弧柱中各元素相对浓度等的径向分布。实验结果说明:1)在作者以氧化锌为基体的电弧中,电弧形成聚心结构,由弧心向外激发温度降低甚速,不象一般文献所述直流电弧弧心附近有着宽平的温度分布。2)弧心附近(约1/3可视半径中)平均电离度有着宽平的分布,电子密度有“集表”现象。3)沿着弧柱半径的增加,各元素的原子浓度逐撕下降,但是下降速度不一致。这表明在直流电弧等离子区中,其蒸气组份在弧柱中部和边部是不相同的。
The DC arc perpendicular to the arc column with two aluminum mirror surface composed of the mirror transverse imaging of the spectrometer slit, the central circular cross-section of the absorption spectrum. The intensity distribution is measured along the full length of the spectrum. Re-use Λbel mathematical solution using graphic integral method to solve the spectral distribution of the relative radial density of radiation. The experimental data obtained in this way can theoretically calculate: 1) the excitation temperature; 2) the average degree of ionization; 3) the ionization degree of each element; 4) the electron density; 5) the radial concentration of each element in the arc column, distributed. The experimental results show that: 1) In the zinc oxide-based arc, the arc forms a centripetal structure, and the temperature of the arc is greatly reduced from the arc center to the outside. Unlike the general literature, there is a wide flat temperature near the arc arc center distributed. 2) Near the arc center (about 1/3 of the visible radius) The average degree of ionization has a broad and flat distribution, and the electron density has a “set table” phenomenon. 3) Along with the increase of the radius of the arc column, the atomic concentration of each element drops by the tear, but the speed of decline is inconsistent. This shows that in the DC arc plasma zone, the vapor component is not the same in the middle and the edge of the arc column.