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一、引言确定壳体稳定性的普遍准则具有巨大的实际意义。对工业建筑、飞机和造船等常见的壳体计算其稳定性,这对选择材料及结构尺寸是有决定意义的;同时,尽管有着大量有关壳体稳定性的文献,直到现在甚而对比较简单的外力作用情况下,还不能果断地确定破坏载荷及计算应力值。其原因首先是壳体丧失稳定的过程照例是与跳跃的现象有关的;若壳体不是十分平坦时,壳体的跳跃通常导致其外形发生不能容许的改变
I. INTRODUCTION The universal criteria for determining the stability of the housing have great practical significance. Calculating the stability of common casings, such as industrial buildings, aircrafts, and shipbuilding, is decisive for selecting materials and structural dimensions. At the same time, even though there are a large number of documents on the stability of the casing, it is even simpler to date. In the case of external forces, the failure load and the calculated stress values cannot be determined decisively. The reason for this is first of all that the process of losing the housing stability is related to the phenomenon of jump; if the housing is not very flat, the jump of the housing usually leads to unacceptable changes in its shape.