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[目的 ]用胞质分裂阻滞微核法观察宇宙辐射对民用航空飞行人员外周血淋巴细胞微核率的影响。 [方法 ]采集 15 0名健康飞行人员和 32名地面对照人员的外周静脉血 ,在含植物血凝素 (PHA)的RPMI 16 40培养基中 37℃培养38～ 44h ,加入细胞松弛素 B继续培养至 72h。经低渗、固定、涂片、染色 ,每例观察 5 0 0个双核淋巴细胞中的微核。 [结果 ]飞行人员的双核淋巴细胞微核率 (MNF) ( 16 15‰± 0 33‰ )、微核细胞率 (MNCF) ( 13 6 6‰± 0 2 1‰ )与地面人员的MNF( 11 48‰± 0 5 0‰ )、MNCF( 10 42‰± 0 5 7‰ )相比 ,差异有非常显著意义 (P <0 0 1)。飞行人员的MNF、MNCF与年飞行小时呈线性相关 ,MNF、MNCF随飞行人员的工龄、累积飞行小时和年龄呈反相变化。飞行人员经一个月的休假后 ,MNF、MNCF均低于连续飞行组 ,与连续飞行组比较 ,两组间差异有显著性 (P <0 0 5 ) ,但近一个月未飞行组的MNF、MNCF仍显著高于地面组。在去除年龄、性别等影响因素后 ,没有发现吸烟增加飞行人员的微核。无论飞行组还是地面组 ,男女性别间微核差异无显著性 (P >0 0 5 )。 [结论 ]宇宙辐射可能引起民航飞行人员染色体损伤。胞质分裂阻滞微核法能够灵敏的反映近期内飞行负荷的差别 ,可作为近期辐射损伤的监测指标
[Objective] To observe the effect of cosmic radiation on micronucleus rate of peripheral blood lymphocytes in civil aviation pilots by using micronuclei method of cytokinin-block. [Methods] Peripheral venous blood from 15 healthy flight crew members and 32 ground controls were collected and cultured in RPMI 1640 medium containing phytohemagglutinin (PHA) for 38-44 h at 37 ℃. Cytochalasin B was added to continue Cultivation to 72h. Subtracted, fixed, smeared and stained, the micronuclei in each of the 500 binuclear lymphocytes were observed. [Results] The MNF (16 15 ‰ ± 0 33 ‰) and the MNCF (13 6 6 ‰ ± 0 2 1 ‰) of MNF (11) 48 ‰ ± 0 5 0 ‰), MNCF (10 42 ‰ ± 0 5 7 ‰), the difference was significant (P <0.01). The MNF and MNCF of the flight crew are linearly related to the annual flight hours. The MNF and MNCF vary inversely with the flight crew’s length of service, accumulated flight hours and age. After a month’s leave, the MNF and MNCF were lower than those of the continuous flight group. There was significant difference between the two groups (P <0.05), but the MNF, MNCF is still significantly higher than the ground group. After removing the influencing factors such as age and gender, no micronuclei of pilots with smoking were found. There was no significant difference in the micronuclei between male and female regardless of flight group or ground group (P> 0.05). [Conclusion] Cosmic radiation may cause chromosome damage of civil aviation pilots. Mitochondrial blockade micronuclei can sensitively reflect the difference between the recent flight load can be used as a monitoring indicator of recent radiation damage