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不同水利、水保措施减沙水代价研究 ,对于评价水利、水保措施减水、减沙效应和解决流域水沙问题 ,有着重要意义。通过对渭河流域梯田、造林、种草和坝地等坡面和沟道水土保持措施、洪水期和年均灌溉及水库等水利措施减流减沙比的比较 ,分析了渭河流域 1970— 1996年 ,不同措施减沙水代价的差异和区域分异特征 ,并根据不同假设 ,模拟了通过措施数量和区域调整 ,对渭河径流量的影响。研究表明 ,灌溉措施的减沙水代价最大 ,其次是种草、造林和梯田等坡面措施 ,水库和坝地的减沙水代价较小。措施减沙水代价 ,区域分异特征非常明显 ,除坝地外 ,各类措施的减沙水代价 ,均与洪期输沙模数呈显著负相关。模拟研究表明 ,在假定各区间水利措施不变 ,通过不同水保措施面积变化和不同区间水保措施调整 ,可以在减少泥沙量不变时 ,明显增加渭河径流量
Research on the cost of reducing sediment by different water conservancy and soil conservation measures is of great significance to evaluate the water and soil conservation measures to reduce water and sediment and to solve the problem of water and sediment in the basin. By comparing the water and soil conservation measures such as soil and water conservation measures such as terraced fields, afforestation, grass planting and ditch landscaping in the Weihe River Basin, the flood and water saving measures such as annual irrigation and reservoirs, , The difference of sediment reduction cost and regional differentiation of different measures, and according to different assumptions, simulated the impact of the quantity and regional adjustment on the runoff of Weihe River. Research shows that the cost of sediment reduction by irrigation is the largest, followed by slope measures such as grazing, afforestation and terraced fields. Sedimentation water costs are lower in reservoirs and dams. Measures to reduce the cost of sand, the characteristics of regional differentiation is very obvious, in addition to the dam, the various types of measures to reduce the cost of sand, flood and sediment transport modulus was significantly negatively correlated. Simulation studies show that when the water conservancy measures in each interval are not changed and the area of different water conservation measures and the adjustment of soil and water conservation measures in different intervals are adjusted, the runoff of the Weihe River can be obviously increased when the amount of sediment is reduced