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三年困难时期指1959年到1961年,由于“大跃进”和人民公社化运动中严重的“左”倾错误,导致全国性的粮食短缺和饥荒。国民经济的严重困难局面主要表现为:国民经济比例关系严重失调,基建规模过大,粮食缺乏,通货膨胀,市场供应紧张,人民生活困难。为了解决这些问题,1960年11月,中央发出关于农村人民公社当前政策问题的紧急指示信,要求全党用最大的努力来坚决纠正各种“左”的偏差。1961年1月,党的八届九中
The difficult three-year period means between 1959 and 1961, resulting in a nationwide food shortage and famine due to the serious “leftist” errors in the “Great Leap Forward” and the movement of people’s communes. The serious difficulties of the national economy are mainly manifested in serious imbalances in the scale of the national economy, over scale of infrastructure, lack of food, inflation, tight supply in the market and people’s living difficulties. In order to solve these problems, in November 1960, the Central Government issued an urgent letter of instruction on the current policy issues of the rural people’s communes and demanded that the entire party should make every effort to rectify various “leftist” deviations. January 1961, the party’s ninth in the eighth