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钙调神经磷酸酶（Ｃａｌｃｉｎｅｕｒｉｎ，ＣａＮ）是目前所知的唯一依赖Ｃａ２＋ ／钙调素（Ｃａｌｍ ｏｄｕｌｉｎ，ＣａＭ ）的Ｓｅｒ／Ｔｈｒ 磷蛋白磷酸酶，在细胞内Ｃａ２＋ 信号传递中起着重要作用。转录因子ＮＦＡＴ（Ｎｕ－ｃｌｅａｒ Ｆａｃｔｏｒ ｏｆＡｃｔｉｖａｔｅｄ Ｔ ｃｅｌｌ，活化Ｔ 细胞核因子）应答于ＣＡ２＋ －ＣａＮ 信号转位到核内，从而参与早期免疫应答基因的活化。ＣａＮ 使ＮＦＡＴ 氨基端保守氨基酸脱磷酸化，从而使其抑制区失活，核定位信号（ＮＬＳｓ）去掩蔽并转移到核中，进而活化ＩＬ－２ 基因。此外，ＣａＮ 还通过作用于ＮＦＡＴ 而调控其他细胞因子如ＧＭ －ＣＳＦ、ＩＬ－３、ＩＬ－４ 和ＴＮＦ－α等的基因表达。
Calcineurin (CaN) is the only Ser / Thr phosphoprotein phosphatase that depends on Ca2 + / Calmodulin (CaM), and plays an important role in intracellular Ca2 + signaling. The transcription factor NFAT (Nu-clear Factor of Activated T cell) is involved in the activation of early immune response genes in response to the translocation of CA2 + -CaN signals into the nucleus. CaN dephosphorylates the conserved N-terminal amino acid of NFAT, so that its inhibitory region is deactivated. The nuclear localization signal (NLSs) demasks and translocates to the nucleus, which in turn activates the IL-2 gene. In addition, CaN regulates the gene expression of other cytokines such as GM-CSF, IL-3, IL-4 and TNF-α by acting on NFAT.