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马达岭滑坡是典型的采矿诱发型滑坡,自然斜坡为平缓反倾层状结构。以马达岭滑坡为原型,采用物理模拟方法,研究两层开采条件下采动斜坡的变形过程,并分析该类斜坡变形破坏的地质力学模式。研究表明:煤层开采后采空区边界上覆岩体产生应力集中,导致采动裂隙首先产生于该部位,以陡倾竖向倾倒式裂隙为主,裂隙向采空区中部扩展并逐渐形成离层裂隙和剪切裂隙;变形稳定后采空区上覆岩层弯曲,在地表形成沉陷区;受采空区上覆岩层沉陷的推挤作用,外侧坡体沿煤层向坡外滑移,导致坡体下部隆起。该类斜坡变形破坏的地质力学模式可以分为:弯曲–拉裂(“表生”改造阶段)、塑流–拉裂、蠕滑–拉裂3个阶段。
The Madalin landslide is a typical mining-induced landslide. The natural slope is a gentle anti-dumping structure. Taking the Malingling landslide as a prototype, the physical simulation method was used to study the deformation process of the mining slope under the condition of two layers of mining and analyze the geomechanical model of the deformation and failure of the slope. The research shows that stress concentration occurs in the overlying rock mass at the boundary of the goaf after coal mining, resulting in the mining fractures first occurring in this part, mainly steeply inclined dumping fractures that extend to the middle of the goaf and form gradually Layer fissures and shear fissures. After the deformation is stabilized, the overburden strata of the goaf are bent to form a subsidence area on the surface. Due to the push effect of the subsidence overburden of the mined-out area, the outer side slides along the coal layer to the outside of the slope, Lower body uplift. The geomechanical modes of this type of slope deformation and failure can be divided into three stages: bend-pull (“superficial” transformation stage), plastic flow-pull-break, creep-fracture.