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一引言在微观经济学中,边际分析方法被运用于分析厂商价格和产量的决定,其基本原则就是边际收益等于边际成本(MR=MC)的边际原则(1),这一原则也就是利润最大化的原则。本文所要提出的问题是:MR=MC的边际原则是否也适用于厂商的长期均衡分析。在目前流行的经济学教科书中,对于这一问题的回答基本上是肯定的,如完全竞争厂商的长期均衡条件被认为P=LMC=SMC=LAC=SAC;(2)垄断竞争厂商的长期均衡产量被认为
I. INTRODUCTION In microeconomics, the marginal analysis method is applied to the analysis of firm prices and output decisions. The basic principle is the marginal principle that marginal revenue equals marginal cost (MR = MC) (1), which is the principle of maximum profit The principle of change. The question to be raised in this paper is: Does MR = MC’s marginal principle also apply to firms’ long-term equilibrium analysis? In the current popular textbook of economics, the answer to this question is basically positive. For example, the long-run equilibrium condition of perfectly-competitive firms is considered as P = LMC = SMC = LAC = SAC. (2) The long- term equilibrium of monopolistic firms Yield is considered